Grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient in MQL grinding of high-temperature nickel-base alloy by using different vegetable oils as base oil

Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient.     

An experimental system for release simulation of internal stores in a supersonic wind tunnel

Aerodynamic parameters obtained from separation experiments of internal stores in a wind tunnel are significant in aircraft designs. Accurate wind tunnel tests can help to improve the release stability of the stores and in-flight safety of the aircrafts in supersonic environments.A simulative system for free drop experiments of internal stores based on a practical project is provided in this paper. The system contains a store release mechanism, a control system and an attitude measurement system. The release mechanism adopts a six-bar linkage driven by a cylinder, which ensures the release stability. The structure and initial aerodynamic parameters of the stores are also designed and adjusted. A high speed vision measurement system for high speed rolling targets is utilized to measure the pose parameters of the internal store models and an optimizing method for the coordinates of markers is presented based on a priori model. The experimental results show excellent repeatability of the system, and indicate that the position measurement precision is less than0.13 mm, and the attitude measurement precision for pitch and yaw angles is less than 0.126°, satisfying the requirements of practical wind tunnel tests. A separation experiment for the internal stores is also conducted in the FL-3 wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research Institute.     

基于改进WKNN的位置指纹室内定位算法

位置指纹算法是目前解决室内定位问题的主要方法,指纹特征和匹配算法为影响算法精度的两大因素.针对室内复杂环境下Wi-Fi信号强度波动较大的现象,提出了基于方差的加权距离以改进WKNN算法.在离线特征提取阶段,选择了均值和方差两个特征值,既反映该采样点的RSS幅值,也反映该点RSS的波动情况;在线阶段,根据方差提出了加权距离进行相似度的计算,查找距离最近的K近邻点,并以实际环境下采集的数据验证了改进WKNN算法在RSS波动大的情况下对定位效果的改善,在综合考虑了AP组合的影响后,实现了误差均值为1.456m的定位效果.     

考虑时空基准差异的传递对准算法研究

给出了一种考虑时空基准差异的传递对准算法.该方法在构造传递对准量测时,将剩余时空配准误差增广为状态向量,建立了包含不同步时间、杆臂向量在内的传递对准模型.计算机仿真结果表明,对时空配准剩余误差进行建模补偿能够改善传递对准的性能.在要求快速高精度对准的情况下,考虑主子惯导时空配准剩余误差是必要的.     

西藏矿产开发中生态补偿费用分摊的博弈研究——基于利润分配的视角

西藏生态补偿费用分摊是西藏矿产开发生态补偿机制中的重要内容之一.由于脱胎于西方经典生态补偿理论的传统生态补偿费用分摊理论与西方生态补偿理论的异源性差异,当前我国费用分摊实践缺乏统一的方法论基础.文章以矿产相关企业间独立决策与统一决策利润博弈为主线,分析不同决策方式下相关企业的最大化利润决策行为,旨在协调矿产开采企业、冶炼加工企业与资源使用企业的关系,分析企业行为的内在逻辑和生态费用分摊的基础.     

不对称电网故障下双馈风力发电机的比例-积分-谐振滑模控制器设计

针对不对称电网故障下,双馈风力发电机的控制策略进行了研究。讨论了电网故障时转子侧变流器(RSC)和网侧变流器(GSC)的控制目标,合理安排了电网严重故障时的控制优先级。基于比例-积分-谐振滑模控制原理设计了机侧和网侧变流器协同控制方案。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件搭建了所设计控制方案的仿真模型。仿真结果表明,在电网正常运行的情况下,与传统的矢量控制策略相比,比例-积分-谐振滑模控制策略对输出功率、电流变化的响应更迅速,具有更好的动态性能和抗扰动能力；在电网不对称故障下,能够有效地抑制电磁转矩振荡和直流母线电压波动,提高了双馈式风力发电机的低电压穿越能力。     

Forming and keeping fast fly-around under constant thrust

A new switching control algorithm under constant thrust is designed for the chaser fast flying around the target spacecraft along a specified fly-around trajectory. The switching control laws are obtained based on the acceleration sequences and the on time of thrusters which can be computed by the time series analysis method. The perturbations and fuel consumptions are addressed during the computation of the on time of thrusters. Furthermore, the relative position parameters of the target spacecraft are obtained by using the vision measurement and the target fly-around positions are calculated through the isochronous interpolation method. The change of the relative position and the relative velocity of the chaser during the constant thrust fast fly-around are presented through simulation example. It is proved that, with the switching control laws, the chaser will fast fly around the target spacecraft along the specified fly-around trajectory.     

Study on Evaluating Arithmetic of Network Solving for Product Conceptual Design

产品概念设计是一种复杂的推理求解过程 ,它的设计过程的推理、判断工作量往往非常巨大 .利用“与 /或”树的知识表达方法 ,对产品概念设计过程的原理解答及其组合原理方案评价进行了深入的研究 ,提出了一种分解 /综合网络评价算法 ,为产品概念设计过程的优化以及设计效率的提高打下良好的基础 ,并为进一步开发智能设计的计算机软件支持工具提供了一种形式化的评价方法 .     

Experimental investigation and correlation development of jet impingement heat transfer with two rows of aligned jet holes on an internal surface of a wing leading edge

Extensive experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of two rows of aligned jet holes impinging on a concave surface in a wing leading edge were conducted, where50000 Rej 90000, 1.74 H/d 27.5, 66° a 90°, and 13.2 r/d 42.03. The finding was that the heat transfer performance at the jet-impingement stagnation point with two rows of aligned jet holes was the same as that with a single row of jet holes or the middle row of three-row configurations when the circumferential angle of the two jet holes was larger than 30°. The attenuation coefficient distribution of the jet impingement heat transfer in the chordwise direction was so complicated that two zones were divided for a better analysis. It indicated that: the attenuation coefficient curve in the jet impingement zone exhibited an approximate upside-down bell shape with double peaks and a single valley; the attenuation coefficient curve in the non-jet impingement zone was like a half-bell shape, which was similar to that with three rows of aligned jet holes; the factors,including Rej, H/d and r/d, affected the attenuation coefficient value at the valley significantly.When r/d was increased from 30.75 to 42.03, the attenuation rates of attenuation coefficient increased only by 1.8%. Consequently, experimental data-based correlation equations of the Nusselt number for the heat transfer at the jet-impingement stagnation point and the distributionof the attenuation coefficient in the chordwise direction were acquired, which play an important role in designing the wing leading edge anti-icing system with two rows of aligned jet holes.     

一种新型多模式高速存储器

随着图像采集精度的提高和立体成像的需求,图像数据速率和总量呈几何级数增长,促进了高码率大容量存储的需求。提出一种新的高速存储器方案,通过改变FLASH类型和存储数据处理方式提高数据存储速率,以适应采集图像高精度和高速率的要求。